2016年大学英语四级翻译词汇积累：中国传统文化
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翻译大家许渊冲先生说过：“21世纪要建设世界文化,不能仅关注一个国家的文化;但要建设世界文化,中国文化在其中发挥着举足轻重的作用。 回顾中西方文化发展历史,在2000年前,中国文化和西方文化是并立的,西方有荷马史诗,中国有《诗经》、《楚辞》;在1000年前,中国有汉唐文化,西方有宗教文化,西方文化不如中国文化繁华发展;但在最近500年来,西方文化呈现压倒中国文化之势;一直到21世纪中国提出“中国梦”,中国文化逐渐复兴,才又跟西方文化并起。” 这段话告诉我们，要实现“中国梦”就要大力复兴中国文化，作为祖国的未来，我们大学生有责任有义务了解中国文化、传承中国文化。而现在四六级考试设置也越来越把中国文化放在重要位置，下面就带领大家学习积累一些与中国文化相关的知识。 【翻译练习】 Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2. “虚”指世界或者心灵的一种状态。大体有两种不同的含义：其一，指世界的本原，万物皆由虚无中来。但古人对“虚”的这一含义又有不同理解：或认为“虚”就是空虚乌有;或认为“虚”指“气”的存在状态，因为“气”的存在隐微无形，故以“虚”称之，但并非完全空无。其二，指虚静的或没有成见的内心状态。 【参考译文】 Xu refers to a state of the cosmos or a state of mind. Basically, it has two different meanings. The first refers to the origin of the universe, indicating that everything originates from xu, Different ancient thinkers have different interpretations of this notion: Some take xu as being devoid of anything; others believe it is the state of existence of qi (气). Because qi is invisible and formless, It is said to be empty, but not a vacuum totally devoid of anything. The second meaning of xu refers to a state of mind that is peaceful, not preoccupied or simply free of any preconceptions. 【传统文化词汇积累】 无为而治 letting nature take its own course/govern by noninterference 乡土文化 native culture 炎黄子孙 a Chinese descendant/the Chinese nation 以德行仁 practice humanity with virtue 源远流长 have a long history 中国意识 Chineseness 中国元素 Chinese elements 中庸之道 doctrine of the mean 二十四节气 24 solar terms 民间工艺品 folk arts and crafts 文化多样性 cultural diversification 文化软实力 cultural soft power 传统文化知识 traditional cultural know-how 对外文化贸易 international cultural trade 思想道德建设 raise ideological and ethical standards 《四库全书》 Complete Works of Chinese Classics 文化产业基地 cultural industrial base 文化传播渠道 channels of cultural transmission 文化创意产业 cultural creative industry 文化体制改革 reform of cultural administrative system; cultural restructuring 骨干文化企业 leading/key cultural enterprises 文化资源整合 integration of cultural resources 新兴文化业态 emerging cultural formats 改造落后的文化 transform the backward culture 世界文化遗产地 world cultural heritage site 弘扬民族优秀文化 advance and enrich the fine cultural heritage of the nation 文化下乡长效机制 long-term mechanism for developing culture in rural areas 重大文化产业项目 major cultural industrial projects 国家一类文物保护单位 cultural relics (units) under first-grade state protection 吸收外国文化有益成果 absorb the achievements of foreign cultures 修身、齐家、治国、平天下 self-cultivation, a well-managed family, and the ability to administer the state and to bring peace to the nation 天干地支 Heavenly Stems and Earthy Branches 天人合一 unity of man and nature 天下为公 the world or country for all 文化宝藏 cultural treasures 文化产业 cultural industry 农耕文化 farming culture 善养浩气 skillful in nourishing virtual force 慎言敏行 diligent in duties and careful in speech 十二生肖 Chinese Zodiac 思维方式 the way of thinking 文化创新 cultural innovation 文化事业 cultural undertakings 文化视点 cultural perspective 文化需求 cultural needs 文化摇篮 cradle of culture 文化遗迹 cultural relics 文化重建 cultural reconstruction 文化自觉 cultural awareness 八股文 eight-legged; official stereotyped writing 本命年 one’s animal year 道德观 moral outlook 端午节 Dragon Boat Festival 翰林院 Imperial Academy 和为贵 harmony is most precious 礼之本 essence of the rites 年夜饭 family reunion dinner 仁之本 the foundation of harmony 文化界 cultural circles 孝与敬 filial piety and reverence 红包 red envelope/money given to children as a lunar New Year gift 中山装 Chinese tunic suit/Mao suit 重阳节 the Double Ninth Festival 敬老慈幼 respect the old and love the young 孔孟之道 Confucius-Mencius doctrines 孔子学院 Confucius Institute 礼乐文化 rites and music culture 礼仪之邦 a land of ceremony and decorum 礼义廉耻 Courtesy, Justice, Integrity and Sense of Shame 龙的传人 the generation of dragon
民本思想 populist ideas
民间文化 folk culture
民俗庙会 temple fair of folk custom
民族文化 national culture
民族自豪 national pride
墨家学派 the Mohist school
内外兼修 whole care
隋唐佛学 The Buddhist philosophy during Sui and Tang dynasties
《道德经》Tao Te Ching/Classic of the Way of Virtue
《弟子规》 Disciples Regulation
《百家姓》 Pamphlet of Chinese Surnames/Book of (China’s)Family Names
《战国策》 Strategies of the Warring States
道德修养 moral self-cultivation
道法自然 Tao models itself after nature
博大精深 broad and profound
出土文物 unearthed relics
传统美德 traditional virtues
传统文化 traditional culture
风土人情 local conditions and customs
刚柔并济 combination of softness and hardness
和谐文化 harmonious culture
厚德载物 great virtue promotes growth
皇城根儿 the foot of the imperial city
精神文明 spiritual civilization; advanced culture and ethic
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